What is Long March and its History
The long march took place in China between the 15th and 16th centuries which is also referred to as the "Long March (in Chinese)". In this article, we will learn about what the long march was about and how it is used. Let us begin at the beginning, why did people move in such a massive way?
The reason why people migrated on such a large
scale is because of war and other reasons like famine and drought. Many times,
famines, and droughts are a result of wars, and not just for several months. Therefore,
after people realize that they cannot depend on their country to feed and
provide them with a decent level of shelter, they started leaving their home
country in search of a better life. I would say that migration is an inevitable
part of human history.
But how did people migrate from one country to
another during the early years of civilization? However, in order to gain new
knowledge about past cultures, people moved from one place to another. People
migrate from their homes to live elsewhere. Even though some cities were built,
many people migrated to rural areas; others left big villages for more urban
settlements. Those who lived in remote places began to establish trading
relationships with others. Why does it matter now that many countries around
the world have adopted China's system of governance?
Well, it matters a lot because all those
things that are going on in our modern society have their origin in China. For
example, even today, most governments have taken steps to reduce poverty,
increase education opportunities, and create jobs. To sum up, let us see how
various societies came into being, what reasons drove them out and where they
ended up. Let us look into this fascinating history of migrations. What Exactly
Is a Long March? It refers to the "movement of people in large numbers in
pursuit of specific goals".
During that time, all of the people had a common goal: to get away from their families and be able to fend for themselves. This movement came under the name of a few short words called "Long March", meaning that this journey lasted several months. There are two names for the Long March: the Changshu and the Qinglong. It means "Long Trip" in English. First and foremost, Changshu means "Big Move" ("Long Tang" in Mandarin).
More than 20 million people followed suit from
multiple cities along the Changshu River to reach their destination, including
Beijing, Nanjing, Fuzhou, Shanghai and Hangzhou. On top of this, people
travelled throughout Jiangsu and Liaoning Provinces as well. Let's say the
number of inhabitants of Changshu reached 500,000 people. Then came the next
stage, known as "Long Journeys". This refers to a collection of
different journeys, starting with Changshu and ending in Changchun. Every year,
thousands of individuals would travel through the entire Changshu Valley to
attend funerals and other religious ceremonies. For example, by 1710, there had
already been over 7 million visits that made it impossible for people to
complete the cycle. People travelled the whole length of the river.
Around 1860, a group of horsemen started to
develop a unique transport technology called "Journey Mode". This
mode allowed the carriage of goods and passengers across the river, and for
many miles until the end of the route. Hence, the term "long march",
was coined in 1852. Since then, many individuals who were stuck on either side
of the Changshu River would meet again, travelling the same route in reverse
order. The first group of travellers decided to leave Changshu, while the second
group set off towards the north and south. Some members could never return
home; others were forced to work as labourers due to their inability to pay
taxes.
After having crossed the Changchun River, the Second Long March came to its conclusion in Jianzhong province, where Li Dazhu built the famous Forbidden City. The Third Long March: Reform movement in order to bring down the gap between rich and poor, party leaders set out to convince those lower classes that the former should follow their example. Although reformers had enough money to afford boats, they simply couldn't afford food and accommodation while attempting to cross the Changchun River. The third long march finally began with the formation of the Fourth Plenary Congress of 1868.
Many delegates representing landowners came
forward, stating that they had lost everything and needed an opportunity to
return home. Such a strong influence on people's minds made the revolution
unstoppable. On November 6, 1868, Yuan Qingxian (1852–1906), leader of the local
chapter of the Chinese Communist Party founded the Imperial Court of Hunan,
thus creating a centralized authority. The fourth long march finally came to an
end under Jing Qishan's rule. His reign began between 1870 and 1882; however,
he died after only 10 years, leaving the throne to Deng Xiaoping. On February
13, 1909, the newly created Republic of China joined the League of Nations. Later
on, after the Japanese Warlord Uprising, China entered World War II. Prices of
essentials remain extremely high, causing millions of people to starve and die.
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